{
  "as_of": "2026-10-06",
  "events": [
    {"date": "1980-10-10", "regime": "ccw", "text": "CCW concluded in Geneva (in force 2 Dec 1983).", "url": "https://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=XXVI-2&chapter=26&clang=_en"},
    {"date": "1997-09-18", "regime": "ottawa", "text": "Anti-Personnel Mine Ban Convention concluded in Oslo (in force 1 Mar 1999).", "url": "https://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=XXVI-5&chapter=26&clang=_en"},
    {"date": "2001-05-31", "regime": "firearms_protocol", "text": "UN Firearms Protocol adopted (in force 3 Jul 2005).", "url": "https://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=XVIII-12-c&chapter=18&clang=_en"},
    {"date": "2001-07", "regime": "un_salw", "text": "UN Programme of Action on small arms adopted.", "url": "https://www.sipri.org/sites/default/files/SIPRIYB19c09sIII.pdf"},
    {"date": "2008-05-30", "regime": "ccm", "text": "Convention on Cluster Munitions concluded in Dublin (in force 1 Aug 2010).", "url": "https://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=XXVI-6&chapter=26&clang=_en"},
    {"date": "2008-12-08", "regime": "eu_cp", "text": "EU Common Position 2008/944/CFSP adopted.", "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/eudn/2019/1560"},
    {"date": "2013-04-02", "regime": "att", "text": "Arms Trade Treaty adopted in New York (in force 24 Dec 2014).", "url": "https://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=XXVI-8&chapter=26&clang=_en"},
    {"date": "2016-09-20", "regime": "itar", "text": "Fifth Circuit affirms denial of a preliminary injunction in Defense Distributed v. Dep't of State (3D-print files under ITAR).", "url": "https://www.ca5.uscourts.gov/opinions/pub/15/15-50759-CV0.pdf"},
    {"date": "2018-10-05", "regime": "faa_uas", "text": "FAA Reauthorization Act of 2018 enacted; § 363 bars weaponized drones without FAA authorization.", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/49/44802"},
    {"date": "2019-09-16", "regime": "eu_cp", "text": "Council Decision (CFSP) 2019/1560 amends the Common Position.", "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/eudn/2019/1560"},
    {"date": "2019-11-12", "regime": "itar", "text": "W.D. Wash. sets aside the State Department's 2018 temporary USML modification and authorization letter for 3D-print files.", "url": "https://www.kut.org/crime-justice/2019-11-12/judge-blocks-rule-change-that-allowed-austin-based-company-to-publish-3d-printed-gun-plans"},
    {"date": "2020-03-09", "regime": "ear", "text": "USML Categories I-III transfer to the EAR takes effect, incl. 15 CFR 734.7(c).", "url": "https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2020/01/23/2020-00573/control-of-firearms-guns-ammunition-and-related-articles-the-president-determines-no-longer-warrant"},
    {"date": "2021-04-27", "regime": "aeca", "text": "Ninth Circuit vacates the injunction against the State rule: AECA § 2778(h) bars judicial review.", "url": "https://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2021/04/27/20-35391.pdf"},
    {"date": "2022-08-24", "regime": "atf_fr", "text": "ATF frame or receiver rule takes effect.", "url": "https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2022/04/26/2022-08026/definition-of-frame-or-receiver-and-identification-of-firearms"},
    {"date": "2022-09-06", "regime": "itar", "text": "ITAR part 120 reorganization takes effect (definitions renumbered).", "url": "https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2022/03/23/2022-05629/international-traffic-in-arms-regulations-consolidation-and-restructuring-of-purposes-and"},
    {"date": "2023-01-25", "regime": "dodd3000", "text": "Updated DoD Directive 3000.09 issued.", "url": "https://www.everycrsreport.com/reports/IF11150.html"},
    {"date": "2023-12-22", "regime": "unga_laws", "text": "UNGA adopts A/RES/78/241, first resolution on lethal autonomous weapons systems.", "url": "https://un-project.org/votes/resolution/A-RES-78-241/"},
    {"date": "2024-04-30", "regime": "ear", "text": "BIS interim final rule tightens firearm export licensing.", "url": "https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2024/04/30/2024-08813/revision-of-firearms-license-requirements"},
    {"date": "2024-12-19", "regime": "eu_firearms", "text": "Regulation (EU) 2025/41 recasts the EU Firearms Regulation (in force 11 Feb 2025; replaces 258/2012 from 12 Feb 2029).", "url": "https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2025/41/oj/eng"},
    {"date": "2024-12-02", "regime": "unga_laws", "text": "UNGA adopts A/RES/79/62.", "url": "https://un-project.org/votes/resolution/A-RES-79-62/"},
    {"date": "2025-03-06", "regime": "ccm", "text": "Lithuania's withdrawal from the CCM takes effect.", "url": "https://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=XXVI-6&chapter=26&clang=_en"},
    {"date": "2025-03-26", "regime": "atf_fr", "text": "Supreme Court decides Bondi v. VanDerStok (7-2): ATF rule not facially inconsistent with the GCA.", "url": "https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/24pdf/23-852_o7jp.pdf"},
    {"date": "2025-07-04", "regime": "nfa", "text": "Pub. L. 119-21 sets NFA transfer tax at $0 except for machineguns and destructive devices.", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/26/5811"},
    {"date": "2025-09-15", "regime": "mtcr", "text": "US announces it will review advanced UAS exports like manned aircraft.", "url": "https://www.armscontrol.org/act/2025-10/news/us-reinterprets-mtcr-rules-fast-track-drone-sales"},
    {"date": "2025-09-15", "regime": "itar", "text": "USML targeted revisions take effect (90 FR 5594; effective date set by 90 FR 41778).", "url": "https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2025/08/27/2025-16382/international-traffic-in-arms-regulations-us-munitions-list-targeted-revisions"},
    {"date": "2025-09-30", "regime": "ear", "text": "BIS rescinds the 2024 firearms rule except the new ECCNs.", "url": "https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2025/09/30/2025-18992/revision-of-firearms-license-requirements"},
    {"date": "2025-07-17", "regime": "ottawa", "text": "Ukraine suspends the operation of the Mine Ban Convention as of this date (communication of 18 Jul 2025, UNODA record; UNTC records no withdrawal).", "url": "https://treaties.unoda.org/t/mine_ban"},
    {"date": "2025-12-01", "regime": "unga_laws", "text": "UNGA adopts A/RES/80/57 (164-6-7); the United States votes no.", "url": "https://un-project.org/votes/resolution/A-RES-80-57/"},
    {"date": "2025-12-27", "regime": "ottawa", "text": "Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania leave the Ottawa Convention.", "url": "https://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=XXVI-5&chapter=26&clang=_en"},
    {"date": "2026-01-10", "regime": "ottawa", "text": "Finland leaves the Ottawa Convention.", "url": "https://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=XXVI-5&chapter=26&clang=_en"},
    {"date": "2026-02-20", "regime": "ottawa", "text": "Poland leaves the Ottawa Convention.", "url": "https://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=XXVI-5&chapter=26&clang=_en"},
    {"date": "2026-06-05", "regime": "dodd3000", "text": "NSPM-11 orders DoD to update Directive 3000.09 within 90 days.", "url": "https://defensescoop.com/2026/06/15/lawmaker-questions-pentagons-plan-to-revise-autonomous-weapons-policy/"},
    {"date": "2026-08-17", "regime": "atf_fr", "text": "N.D. Tex. reportedly holds ATF frame or receiver provisions unconstitutional (Defense Distributed v. Blanche); secondary source.", "url": "https://www.independent.org/article/2026/09/12/atfs-firearm-frame-receiver-rules-invalid/"},
    {"date": "2026-09-05", "regime": "ccw", "text": "CCW GGE on LAWS adopts its 2024-2026 report by consensus, with elements of an instrument.", "url": "https://opiniojuris.org/2026/10/05/symposium-on-the-ccw-gge-laws-the-end-of-the-beginning-an-introduction/"},
    {"date": "2026-09-14", "regime": "eu_dualuse", "text": "Commission adopts update to the EU dual-use list (Annex I, Reg. 2021/821).", "url": "https://policy.trade.ec.europa.eu/help-exporters-and-importers/exporting-dual-use-items_en"}
  ]
}