How to read it
Each row is a state and each column a treaty. A cell's colour gives the state's standing at the end of the year on the slider. Party means the state has deposited its ratification, accession or succession and the treaty is in force. Ratified, treaty not in force covers treaties still waiting for entry into force, such as the CTBT, which needs all 44 states listed in its Annex 2. Signed only is a signature with no instrument deposited.
Leaving takes several forms and the tool keeps them apart. A withdrawal ends a state's obligations after the notice period in the treaty. A suspension stops performance while the state stays a party, as most CFE parties did after Russia left. Russia revoked its ratification of the CTBT in 2023 but kept its signature. North Korea announced its NPT withdrawal in 2003; the depositary record says parties "continue to express divergent views" on its status, so the cell reads withdrawal announced, disputed. Treaty ended marks treaties that expired, terminated or were superseded.
Click a cell for its dates and source, click a column heading to sort states by that treaty, and use the timeline to jump to a withdrawal or suspension. The i button beside a treaty's name, in the panel, the treaty-group lists and the comparison table, opens a short note on what the treaty does and where it stands, with its source.
The conventional-weapons group covers the Mine Ban Convention, the Convention on Cluster Munitions, the Arms Trade Treaty, the Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons (CCW) and three regional treaties. The CCW's protocols are separate instruments that states join one by one, so they have their own group, hidden at first; switch on CCW protocols to see them. The CFE Treaty and its never-ratified adaptation stay under European security. Signature renounced marks a signatory that told the depositary it does not intend to become a party: the United States did this for the Arms Trade Treaty in July 2019.
Method
- Multilateral treaties come from the UNODA Treaties Database, which compiles the depositaries' records. The records were first downloaded on 2026-09-29 (conventional-weapons treaties and the Adapted CFE Treaty on 2026-10-06) and all were re-downloaded on 2026-10-07 through the database's own public data service. The build script counts the parties in each record and checks the count against the total UNODA shows; they match for every treaty.
- Where a treaty has several depositaries (NPT, PTBT, BWC, Outer Space and Sea-bed have three: the United States, the United Kingdom and Russia), UNODA lists a date for each. The tool uses the earliest deposit as the date a state joined. Deposit dates are shown, not the later date on which the treaty entered into force for that state.
- Where the UN Secretary-General is depositary (CWC, CTBT, TPNW, Mine Ban, Cluster Munitions, ATT, CCW, CCW Protocol IV, Amended Protocol II, Protocol V and the Article 1 amendment, and the Kinshasa Convention), every signature and deposit date was cross-checked against the UN Treaty Collection. Party counts match for every one. Three dates differ: UNODA dates Palestine's CWC accession 17 May 2018, the UN Treaty Collection 29 December 2017; and the ATT deposits of Afghanistan and Grenada are one day later in UNODA (30 July 2020 and 22 October 2013) than in the UN Treaty Collection (29 July 2020 and 21 October 2013). The tool uses the UNODA dates. The UN Treaty Collection lists CCW Protocols I to III only as a chart without dates, so those three were not cross-checked. The OAS treaty pages for CIFTA and the transparency convention refused automated requests, so those two rest on the UNODA record alone.
- Mine Ban withdrawals: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania (effective 27 December 2025), Finland (10 January 2026) and Poland (20 February 2026), the dates the UN Treaty Collection says each withdrawal took effect. Ukraine told the depositary on 18 July 2025 that it had suspended the convention's operation as of 17 July 2025; the tool shows Ukraine as suspended from that date, while UNODA still counts it among the parties. Lithuania's withdrawal from the Convention on Cluster Munitions took effect on 6 March 2025.
- CCW protocols record "consent to be bound" rather than signature and ratification, so their cells go straight from not signed to party. The 1980 Protocol II and the 1996 Amended Protocol II are separate columns because many states are bound by one and not the other.
- CFE suspensions are read from the depositary's (Netherlands) communications attached to each state's record. A cell turns "suspended" on the effective date where the note gives a calendar date, and otherwise on the date of the notice; some notes set effect "three months" or "30 days" later. The event card quotes the passage. Belarus suspended the treaty towards Poland and the Czech Republic in October 2023 and towards all parties in June 2024. Armenia, Azerbaijan and Ukraine have no suspension on record.
- The U.S.–Soviet and U.S.–Russian treaties (INF, START I, START II, SORT, New START) have no multilateral depositary. Their dates come from State Department and Kremlin pages (State Department archive pages were checked against Wayback Machine copies on 2026-09-30, since the live sites refused automated requests), the Arms Control Association's fact sheets and, for New START's expiry, press reports; every date is backed by a passage that the build script checks against a saved copy of the page. The INF row shows the United States and Russia only; the tool does not code the other Soviet successor states' participation. START I includes Belarus, Kazakhstan and Ukraine through the 1992 Lisbon Protocol. START II was signed and never entered into force.
- Russia's New START suspension is shown from 28 February 2023, when the suspension law was signed. The United States called the suspension "legally invalid". In September 2025 Russia offered to keep observing the central limits for a year after expiry if the United States did the same. According to the Arms Control Association, the United States did not respond, and the treaty expired on 5 February 2026.
- Russia's CTBT ratification is shown as revoked from 2 November 2023, the date Putin signed the law; UNODA records the depositary action on 3 November.
- Not covered: the ABM Treaty, SALT, the protocols to the nuclear-weapon-free-zone treaties, and the 1925 Geneva Protocol, ENMOD, the Moon and Antarctic treaties and the Nuclear Terrorism Convention, which UNODA also records. The ECOWAS Convention on Small Arms (2006) and the Nairobi Protocol on small arms have no records in the UNODA database, and no depositary status list could be opened, so they are left out. Taiwan appears in the NPT record only through a note on the Republic of China's 1970 ratification and has no row.
- Data:
data/treaties.js, built by scripts/build_data.py from the saved records in scripts/raw/ and scripts/verified/; scripts/fetch_unoda.py refreshes the UNODA records.